Day 1

• The physical basis of EMC (at radio frequencies) 
• Circuit design for EMC
• Component selection for EMC
• EMC in interconnections
• Filtering for EMC

• Shielding
• Heatsinks and
• Electrostatic discharge
• Suppressing electro-mechanical devices
• Surge suppression
• Integrating wireless datacomm’s into products

• Basic PCB layout techniques for EMC
• Advanced PCB layout techniques for EMC

  1  The physical basis of EMC (at radio frequencies)

• Electromagnetic fields and waves
• Importance of the return current path
• Field theory
• Permittivity, permeability, wave impedance and velocity
• Near-field and Far-field
• Three different types of EMC analyses
• Skin effect
• Three different types of resonances
• Waveforms, spectra, and ‘accidental antennas’
• Three parts to every EMC issue
• Four types of EM coupling
• Differential mode and common mode
• Benefits of planes
• Overview of RF emissions
• Non-linearity, demodulation and intermodulation
• Three interference mechanisms
• Overview of RF immunity
• Earthing (grounding) does not help EMC at RF
• ‘Internal EMC’ and crosstalk
• Some useful references

  2  Circuit design for EMC

• Digital circuit design for EMC
• Rise/fall times and spectra
• Numerous circuit design techniques
• Watchdogs and brownout monitors
• Spread spectrum clocking
• Analogue circuit design for EMC
• Stability of feedback circuits
• Numerous circuit design techniques
• Hysteresis in comparators
• Switch-mode circuit design for EMC
• Reducing dV/dt and dI/dt, snubbers
• Heatsinks
• Fast/soft switching rectifiers
• Transformer interwinding capacitance
• Communications circuit design for EMC
• Twisted pairs and differential drive/receive, fibre optics
• Common-mode reduction techniques
• Optoisolators
• Some useful references

  3  Component selection for EMC

• Active devices
• Passive components
• Problems with second sources
• Problems with counterfeits
• Controlling purchasing
• Some useful references

  4  EMC in interconnections

• Antenna effects of conductors
• Use fibre optics or infra-red instead
• Controlling DM and CM return paths
• Cable classification and segregation
• Unshielded interconnections
• Routing the conductors in a cable or wire bundle
• Shielded cables
• Terminating cable shields
• Interconnecting shielded enclosures
• ZT , transmission-line cables and connectors
• Some useful references

  5  Filtering for EMC

• Filtering is not a ‘black art’
• How filters work
• The advantages of soft ferrites
• CM filtering
• Specifying filters
• Earth leakage currents and safety
• Filter earthing
• Filter construction, mounting, and cabling
• The synergy of filtering and shielding
• Some useful references

  6  Shielding (VLF to GHz)

• Economic issues for shielding
• Shielding from metal plates (image planes)
• How shields work
• Skin depth and low frequency shielding
• The problems caused by apertures
• Box resonances
• Shields in the near field of a source
• Gaskets
• Don’t route conductors close to shield apertures
• Cable penetrations
• Waveguides-below-cutoff
• Displays
• Ventilation
• Plastic enclosures
• Preventing corrosion at joints
• Some useful references

  7  Heatsinks and EMC

• Controlling stray heatsink currents
• Ceramic heatsinks have no stray currents
• Returning stray heatsink currents
• Using the Reference Plane as a heatsink
• Heat sink RF resonances
• Effects of heat sink shape
• Location of semiconductors
• Fins and pins
• Practical RF-bonding issues
• Some useful techniques
• Shielded washers
• Heat pipes
• Low-inductance (RF) bonding
• Combining shielding and heatsinking

  8  Electrostatic discharge

• ESD threats
• Insulation techniques
• Shielding techniques
• Protecting signal or power conductors
• Earth lift problems
• Protecting data and signals from errors
• Other ESD techniques
• Some references
• Some useful ‘software for ESD’ references

  9  Suppressing electro-mechanical devices

• The EMC issues of arcs and sparks
• Suppressing electro-mechanical contacts
• Non-linear snubbers
• Suppressing commutator motors
• Suppressing sliprings
• Suppressing spark ignition
• Suppressing electric bells
• Some useful references

 10  Surge suppression

• How surges cause damage
• Galvanic isolation
• Surge protection circuits
• Types of surge protection device (SPD)
• Combining types of SPDs
• Data needs error correction
• SPD construction
• Rating SPDs
• Fusing and maintaining SPDs
• Lead inductance and “let-through” voltage
• ‘Earth lift’ problems in systems with line-earth SPDs
• Some useful references

 11  Integrating wireless datacomm’s into products

• Internal EMC and adding radio modules
• Threats from radio module, to other circuits
• Susceptibility of digital devices and circuits
• Susceptibility of analogue devices and circuits
• Threats to radio receiver, from other circuits
• Spread-spectrum and digital radio systems
• MIMO and IEEE 802.11n
• Communication protocols for co-located wireless devices
• Ultra-wideband (UWB) radio systems
• Construction
• Leaky feeder radio systems
• Computer simulation techniques

 12  Basic PCB layout techniques for EMC

• The scope of these layout techniques
• Saving time and money
• Segregation
• Interface analysis, filtering, and suppression
• 0V and power planes
• PCB-chassis bonding
• Power supply decoupling
• Transmission line techniques
• Layer stacking
• Some useful references and sources

 13  Advanced PCB layout techniques for EMC

• When should we use advanced PCB techniques?
• Future trends and their implications
• Rules of thumb, approximations, simulations
• Virtual design for SI and EMC
• Advanced segregation techniques
• PCB-level shielding up to GHz
• Advanced interface filtering and suppression
• Advanced PCB-chassis bonding
• Advanced PCB planes
• The totally shielded PCB assembly
• Advanced PCB decoupling
• Buried capacitance
• Advanced transmission lines
• Differential transmission lines up to 10Gb/s
• Advanced layer stacking
• Microvia (high density interconnect) PCB technology
• Some final tricks
• Some useful contacts, sources, references